Maryl, There are probably dozens of methods or activities that can tried when your students begin to get off task. I think creating a climate in the classroom that reinforces the notion students are there for learning is one important principle. Thinking about how our students may feel about the topics, and then approaching the instruction from that perspective is also important. That's the "what's in it for me" principle (WIIFM). With these tenets your creative ideas for keeping students engaged should be very effective. Barry Westling