Brian, Nothing breaks a distracted student lack of focus better than being called on to answer a question. If done frequently, randomly with all class participants, and consistently in every class, students may soon begin to feel that they have to pay attention because more than likely, they're going to be called on. I do daily quizzes, and I will usually add at least one question that was answered by a student the previous day. In this way I try support and subtlety reward the students for thier contributions to the discussion. Barry Westling