Some Things I do
Some Things I do to prevent cheating is to make the test more project based where the student has to do his or her own work. I request a print out with his or her name on the sheet of paper. I also have essays that forces them to write their own ideas on paper.
Another idea i have seen is to offer mulitple tests. For example have 3 different versions of the test like Test A, B, and C. So they will not be the same test, therefore each test would require different answers.
I usually build relationships with my students and also have a review before we take the test to refresh their minds of the material we have covered.
I have different version of my tests and let the students know. the tests contains the same subject matter. For example the definintion of for pathology may show up in a matching question on one test and in a multiple choice on another test. I admit it takes more time to developed these quizzes but it cuts down on the cheating.
i also offer multiple test so that every student wont have the same as the person next to them.. i let the students know that everyone has a different test that way if a student does cheat they might fail the test depending on how much they copied form the person next to them.