One technique that I use to encourage students to answer questions is the Think - Pair - Share strategy. I will ask a well formulated questions related to the "Learning Objectives for Today" (also known as the LOFT); the LOFT is always posted on the board and given to students in hard copy. After asking the question, I give students 30 seconds to 1 minute to jot down their thoughts and ideas. Then, I instruct students to tell the person sitting next to them what they think, and I allow 30 seconds to 1 minute. After a minute, I then call the students' attention back to me. There will be a noisy buzz while students exchange views, but the result when you ask for their opinions is worth it. Students have already shared their answers, so they are more comfortable sharing answers with the group.