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Dr. James and Dulcinea,

Thanks for continuing the conversation. It's good to keep your objectivity when grading. Thanks!

Dr. James ,

Yes, it helps both the students and instructors. Keep up the good work.

Michael,

Yes, knowing the expectations prior to the project, is an excellent opportunity for students to discover the best way to meet the learning objectives. Thanks!

James,

You rock on your details!!! Thank you for this information. It will help others see the importance of details for students. Thanks again.

Hi All,

For me an analytical rubric is ideal. It really separates the grade criteria into its key components. I’m always clear on what I’m looking for and students seem to be very clear on what is expected.

Mind you…over the years I have learned how to temper my rubrics to fit the class. My graduate school rubrics have become more sophisticated, but my undergraduate rubrics have become more specific.

I have posted them both belowso you all can get a feel for what I am discussing.

I enjoy using rubrics. I wasn’t sure at the beginning, but I now see how so many of the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, particularly the amount of time it takes to construct them.

I hope you enjoy these examples.

James.

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UNDERGRADUATE
Final Project Rubric

At the end of U9 you will submit your Final Project Paper. I especially look forward to reading these papers as they demonstrate everyone’s in depth analyses and perspectives on what constitutes effective interpersonal communication. Be sure to include the required components in one Word document in the correct order. If you have any questions, then know that I am only an email away. Remember…I am here to help you succeed. If you are having problems submitting this assignment, technical or otherwise, you must contact me immediately. I also strongly recommend that you contact Student Services immediately. Please note that this does not guarantee that your project will be accepted late. To avoid any issues, you should aim to submit your project the day before the due date. That way, if there is a problem, there will be time to fix it. This project is worth 150 points (15% of total grade).

The following is the general criteria that will be used to assess your submission:

1. Quality of Answer (Total possible points: 120)

1.1. Thoroughness
1.1.1. Explained why you chose at least three specific concepts from the textbook to describe what communicators need to know and do in order to communicate effectively
1.1.2. Included a clear and concise thesis statement
1.1.3. Analyzed in detail what each of these concepts contributes to effective interpersonal communication
1.1.4. Described in detail how these concepts work collectively to produce effective interpersonal communication
1.1.5. Summarized what you have identified and learned in the conclusion

1.2. Compared and contrasted theories and concepts from throughout the course

1.3. Used examples effectively to demonstrate your points

1.4. Correctly presented perspectives generally supported through the course readings

2. Use of text and exteriors sources (Total possible points: 20)

2a. Required text material

2b. Exterior sources

3. APA (Total possible points: 10)

3.1. Included at least four citations and four references (one of which must be the text) in APA style.

3.2. Formatted of paper, citations, and references within APA guidelines

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GRADUATE
(this may not paste well as it has charts)

About Case Analysis

The case analysis approach is an exercise in applying what you have learned in a particular area. Cases provide you with information about conditions, situation, and/or problems in organizations, then ask you to assume a managerial role, rather than the role of the onlooker. Your task in this role is to use your critical thinking and analytical skills to develop a set of recommendations for understanding or resolving the condition, situation and/or problem that is described in the case study. The purpose of case analysis is to elicit from you a discussion based on your judgment about what the problem is, how to judge what was done, and/or what needs to be done. This discussion will rely on what you have learned in this course as well as what you have learned in other courses you have taken, as well as your professional experience. Reliance on this information from sources outside the course should be clearly justified, and the sources should be cited. It is not enough for you to have an opinion; you must support your opinion with evidence and/or anecdotes and/or theoretical bases.

Where to Submit
There are TWO places where you need to submit your cases: (1) Turnitin.com, and (2) your assignment folder. The Academic Honesty and Turnitin.com conference discusses the procedures for obtaining a Turnitn.com account and uploading papers. You are strongly encouraged to submit your paper to Turnitin.com a day or two before the due date in order to check your own Turnitin originality report and ensure that you have not inadvertently copy-and-pasted items from the internet without proper citation.

Format

Each case analysis should be approximately 5-7 pages long (excluding references in APA style). Also, in accordance with APA style, the analysis should be double-spaced, with a serif font (e.g. Times Roman. Arial is, as an example, a SANS serif font and not acceptable). It should include the following sections (please write a paper that includes the information requested in these sections woven together in a cogent manner; please do not simply write Section I, Section II, etc. and answer the questions. These questions are meant as a guide to your analysis, not as the sole driving force for the content of your paper):

I. Title page (not counted against page count) with name, section number and the case that you are analyzing.

II. Introduction
What care are you analyzing? Briefly summarize the situation as you see it. Define the major stakeholders. How is an ethical issue(s) being created? The introduction should flow smoothly into the next section.

III. Identification and Articulation of Ethical Issues and Stakeholder Perspectives
What, exactly, are the ethical issue(s) being faced? Do the different stakeholders view the issue(s) differently; do they agree there is an ethical issue? From what kind of framework does each stakeholder view the issue?

IV. Choice of Relevant Ethical Framework
Based on your readings in the text, articles, lectures, and relevant outside SCHOLARLY sources (you need at least 2 to achieve the B-level standard for Case Analysis #1). What is your assessment of the situation? What is the framework by which the issue should be considered, and from which a solution should be generated? (Be sure to address this!)

V. Available and "Best" Alternatives for Action
Within the framework that you've articulated above, what is the best course of action? Are there any alternative courses of action that might be okay? If so, how might one choose among them? How can you achieve stakeholder compliance, if the stakeholders do not agree on the ethical issue(s) present?

Grading
Each case will be graded on a 100 point scale, and it will be worth 15% of the final grade. The grading rubric for case analyses can be found below.
I. Title page (1 points)
Did you include a title page with name, section number and the case that you are analyzing? If so, you get the point.

II. Introduction (5 points):
What care are you analyzing? Briefly summarize the situation as you see it. Define the major stakeholders. How is an ethical issue(s) being created?

Remember, in addition to providing the required introductory material, the tone of the introduction is to lay the foundation for the arguments that you are going to make throughout the rest of the paper. Don't miss the opportunity here to set the stage for the important things that you have to say.

Below Graduate Average
Does not Meet the Expectations

Poor: 3 or fewer points Graduate Average Range
Meets the Expectations

Good: 4 points Well Above Graduate Average
Far Exceeds the Expectations

Excellent: 5 points

Introduction
a. Introduction does not adequately provide information regarding case summary, stakeholders, and/or ethical issue(s).
a. Introduction adequately provides information regarding case summary, stakeholders, and/or ethical issue(s).

b. Introduction attempts, and is successful to some degree, to generate reader interest in the presentation to come.

c. Introduction may communicate the paper's sense of purpose.
a. Introduction provides superb information regarding case summary, stakeholders, and/or ethical issue(s).

b. Introduction creates compelling interest for reader to continue.

c. Introduction definitely communicates the paper's sense of purpose.

III. Identification and Articulation of Ethical Issues and Stakeholder Perspectives: (28 points)
What, exactly, are the ethical issue(s) being faced? Do the different stakeholders view the issue(s) differently; do they agree there is an ethical issue? From what kind of framework does each stakeholder view the issue?

You should be able to organize this discussion in a logical fashion. Some issues are major, some are minor. Often, seemingly independent problems are really all symptoms of one big problem or issues. Some problems originate from actions that were taken to solve other problems! Also, can you correctly define the stakeholders? It is not always the case that every person discussed in the case is really a stakeholder; and, sometimes an important stakeholder may not even be mentioned. Finally, do you demonstrate that you truly understand how the different stakeholders view the situation? The ability to "read" the situation and truly understand the heart of the important issues is critical.

Below Graduate Average
Does not Meet the Expectations

Poor: 21 or fewer points Graduate Average Range
Meets the Expectations

Good: 22 - 24 points Well Above Graduate Average
Far Exceeds the Expectations

Excellent: 25 - 28 points

Identification and Articulation of Ethical Issues and Stakeholder Perspectives
a. Issue identification is incorrect or not clear. Claims to argue for issue are not supported.

b. Stakeholder discussion is off-the-mark, either missing an important stakeholder, adding stakeholders who are not really, and/or listing the correct stakeholders but for completely the wrong reasons.

c. Evidence, if present, may be irrelevant or inappropriate. Warrants are not at all clear. Identification is simple a rehash of case information.

d. Organization does not produce a cogent argument.
a. Issue identification is generally clear and mostly supported with solid evidence.

b. Stakeholder discussion is solid, with few or no missteps.

d. Warrants are generally clear. Perhaps some unnecessary rehashing or needless repetition of case information in search to identify.

d. Organization of claims produces a cogent argument.
a. Issue identification is beyond the obvious. Argument for the issues is beyond reproach . . . clear and well-supported.

b. Stakeholder identification is exact; discussion of stakeholders is extraordinarily perceptive.

c. Evidence is more than appropriate; it demonstrates extraordinary insight into the content and the ability to understand the real "meat" of the issues. Evidence reflects creative use of resources; warrants are obvious to the reader. No needless rehashing.

d. Organization of claims produces an extremely articulate argument.

IV. Choice of Relevant Ethical Framework (28 points):
Based on your readings in the text, articles, lectures, and relevant outside SCHOLARLY sources (you need at least 2 to achieve the B-level standard for Case Analysis #1). What is your assessment of the situation? What is the framework by which the issue should be considered, and from which a solution should be generated? (Be sure to address this!)

A "good" solution to a case requires that you demonstrate that you are aware of the many grounds on which we can build our foundations for ethical decision making, that you are able to winnow and sift among different kinds of frameworks to find a most appropriate one, and that you are able to argue for its appropriateness over the others. What is the appropriate framework "lens" through which to view the ethical issue(s) of primary importance, and why?

Below Graduate Average
Does not Meet the Expectations

Poor: 21 or fewer points Graduate Average Range
Meets the Expectations

Good: 22 – 24 points Well Above Graduate Average
Far Exceeds the Expectations

Excellent: 25 – 28 points

Choice of Relevant Ethical Framework
a. Choice of ethical framework is incorrect or not clear.

b. Application of theoretical framework is incorrect.

c. Support for choice of framework is absent or woefully inadequate and/or fewer than two outside sources are included.

a. Choice of ethical framework is generally clear and demonstrates solid understanding of competing frameworks.

b. Application of theoretical framework is generally correct.

c. Support for choice of framework is present, and the argument made for the choice of framework is solid. At least two outside sources are included (and appropriately cited); they attempt to be relevant to the discussion.
a. Choice of ethical framework demonstrates deep understanding of range of framework choices as well as the subtle differences among them.

b. Application of theoretical framework clearly explains why pertinent theories reign in this situation, and demonstrates specifically how theoretical models or processes can be brought to bear on the problem.

c. Support for choice of framework has both breadth and depth; it reflects creative use of resources. More than two outside sources are included (and appropriately cited), and they are absolutely relevant to the discussion.

V. Available and "Best" Alternatives for Action (28 points):
Within the framework that you've articulated above, what is the best course of action? Are there any alternative courses of action that might be okay? If so, how might one choose among them? How can you achieve stakeholder compliance, if the stakeholders do not agree on the ethical issue(s) present?

You might begin this section with a sentence summing up/reminding of the problem and framework so you remain sharp and focused. This is helpful in reminding you of exactly what it was that you thought needed to be solved and helps to pull your brain toward the task of finding the solutions. As you develop your alternative solutions, discuss and ANALYZE them thoroughly; don't just make a laundry list. Discuss strengths and weaknesses; compare and contrast. The reader should be able to see the rationale for their development and clearly see that distinct and separate alternatives for a solution do, in fact, exist. Make sure that the alternatives are action-oriented. What should be DONE? Finally, be sure that when you have indicated a "best" alternative, you provide criteria or rationale for why it is the best.

Below Graduate Average
Does not Meet the Expectations

Poor: 21 or fewer points Graduate Average Range
Meets the Expectations

Good: 22 - 24 points Well Above Graduate Average
Far Exceeds the Expectations

Excellent: 25 - 28 points

AVAILABLE AND "BEST" ALTERNATIVES
a. Alternatives do not logically arise from application of theoretical framework.

b. Poor development of multiple alternatives.

c. No good basis for naming "best" alternative.
a. Alternatives generally logically arise from application of theoretical framework.

b. Able to develop multiple alternatives.

c. Argument for "best" alternative is generally cogent. Benchmarks for decision are good.
a. Alternatives clearly logically arise from application of theoretical framework.

b. Development of multiple alternatives reflects superb critical thinking and insightful analysis.

c. Argument for "best" alternative is extraordinarily cogent, clearly demonstrating benchmarks for decision. Benchmarks are of superior quality.

VI. Writing (10 points):
The remaining 10 points are for the overall quality of the writing, and will be allotted as described below:

Below Graduate Average

Paper is Written Below the Standards Expected of Graduate Work

Student should definitely seek assistance from the UMUC Effective Writing Center

This quality of writing may hinder the student's ability to perform future class assignments successfully at a passing level Graduate Average Range

Paper is Written to the Standards Expected of Graduate Work
Well Above Graduate Average

Paper is of Immediately Publishable Quality
Poor: 6 or fewer points Good: 7 – 8 points Excellent: 9 – 10 points

WRITING QUALITY
a. The paper has little to no direction, with disjointed subtopics.

b. Text is repetitious.

c. Information seems to be disorganized and has little to do with the main topic.

d. Lacks a thesis or controlling idea.

e. Sentences do not relate to the paragraph’s main idea.

f. Paragraphs do not clearly or effectively relate to the paper’s thesis or controlling idea.

g. Examples are either lacking or ineffective (i.e., do not relate to the main idea in the paper or paragraph)

h. Paper contains spelling and grammatical errors as well as improper punctuation.

i. The writing is vague or it is difficult to understand what the writer is trying to express.

j. Mistakes in grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation cause confusion and show lack of concern for quality of writing.

k. Writing rambles; the paper appears hastily written.

l. Numerous errors in APA style.

a. There is a basic flow from one section to the next, but not all sections or paragraphs follow in a natural or logical order.

b. Ideas are clear, but there is a lack of extra information.

c. Information relates to main topic. Details and amount of information are sparse.

d. Includes a basic thesis or controlling idea.

e. Sentences mostly relate to the paragraph’s main idea.

f. Paragraphs generally though not always relate to the thesis or controlling idea.

g. Examples are included, though not always; reader needs specific details or quotes that the writer does not provide.

h. Some mistakes in grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation exist, but they do not cause confusion; they suggest negligence, not indifference.

i. Writing might ramble.

j. Several errors in APA style.

a. The paper flows from general ideas to specific conclusions and/or vice-versa. All sections follow a logical order. Transitions tie together sections as well as individual paragraphs.

b. Ideas are clear, original, and focused. Main idea stands along with details.

c. Sufficient information included. Information clearly relates to the main relates to the main thesis. It includes several supporting details and/or examples.

d. Provides a clear and compelling thesis

e. Sentences clearly relate to the paragraph’s main idea

f. Paragraphs clearly and effectively relate to and support the thesis.

g. Writer provides examples and quotes that answer the reader’s questions and add depth to the writer’s ideas.

h. The writing/language is clear and concise.

i. There are no (or very few) mistakes in grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation.

j. The writing does not ramble.

k. Excellent adherence to APA style.

Lauren: I find that in my Stat classes it is very easy to use a rubric due to the fact that the answer has to be right or wrong. But it does give some opporturnity for the student to know just where he or she has gone wrong with the right feed back.

Dulcinea: I have to agree with you that it does keep you on the direction needed to complete the grading of an assignment. I too get distracted while grading and it brings me back to the task at hand.

However, at times we become to objective when grading. But on line you must me objective due to the fact it is very hard to be subjective when you have not talked to the student face to face!

First it makes the grading of assignment some what easier for the professor. However, it does give students the necessary feed back on the strenghts and weakness of the assignment.

It helps the students direct their efforts on the knowledge needed to completet the assignment.

I think the biggest advantage of using analytic rubrics is to allow the student to realize the objective nature of grading. This can be extremely important in the online environment. With students already feeling the alienation of lacking a face to face interaction, the rubric should allow them the comfort of realizing set criteria prior to starting the project.

Daniel,

I see your point. You have a good grasp on the different types of rubrics. Thanks for sharing your input.

Dr. Tena B. Crews

Dulcinea,

Excellent. I am glad rubrics have proven to be effective for you as well. Keep up the good work.

Dr. Tena B. Crews

Sandra,

I love to encourage students to self- and peer- assess prior to submitting their work for final evaluation. Providing the rubric with the assignment will help them do this. Thanks.

Dr. Tena B. Crews

Rubrics are included with each assignment and are helpful to the student as a self-evaluation tool.

At first, I found it quite challenging to use the rubrics in the gradebook.

Several students wanted more detail as to how points were earned or lost and I received a number of questions, over time.

Once I incorporated the rubric in the gradebook, I believe that I am more consistent in my grading and students ask fewer questions about how points are deducted.

Because we use the same assignments/rubrics for each similar course (can't easily change the rubrics),I do add content to the assignment to clarify points that may seem vague.

I think that the analytic rubric is a valuable tool to support student learning and to add formative feedback. 12/12/2012

I think for most upper level coursework, and analytical rubric is of more use than a holistic rubric. Whereas holistic rubrics allow a student to get a feel for a subject, it is when their work is graded under a analytical rubric that they can really get more detailed feedback.

A holistic rubric may provide a general grade, let's say a B to a student, with general feedback, which is good. However, a more detailed analytical rubric will divide up certain parts of the assignment for the student to focus on. They may be great at creating content, but downright terrible at grammar. The more specific rubric would help pinpoint this. It also may help them figure out what aspects of grammar they need help with. Coupled with some feedback in the form of specific comments, and analytical rubric really helps a student grow more than the other types.

In my experience as an instructor, the greatest advantage of using a rubric is that it allows me to be objective when grading. It is inevitable that I will sometimes grade the work of my students subjectively because of interactions with students, their personal situation, and past work by the student and without a rubric my opinion/subjectivity would be reflected in their grade.

At times, it is easy for me to become distracted while grading. With a rubric on hand, I can pick up my grading right where I left it and this has proven to be extremely efficient for me.

Willie ,

Glad you see the benefits do using rubrics. Keep up the good work.

Willie ,

Sounds like you have learned a lot about rubrics in you course. Hope the rest of your courses in your degree serve you well.

Donald,

Totally see your point. As we have said before, course content many times dictates things we can do in assessment. Thanks.

Good post, De Monte. I agree that using a rubric provides several advantages to both instructors and students. Grading according to an explicit and descriptive set of criteria that is designed to reflect the weighted importance of the objectives of the assignment helps ensure that the instructor’s grading standards don’t change over time. Also, I have come to find that grading rubrics are invaluable in online courses because they can help ensure consistency across the board.

I am currently pursuing a MEd in Instructional Technology. I just finished a class this semester in Selection and Utilization of Educational Media where I had to create a rubric. Yes, it was tiresome. In that class, I learned, however, that rubrics help the grading process become more efficient, helps faculty grade/score more accurately, fairly and reliably, requires faculty to set and define more precisely the criteria used in the grading process, clarify quality expectations to students about their assignments, helps communicating grade between faculty and students, and helps improve student performance, because they know what to focus on. I teach summer classes online at my regular teaching position. That is the only time (other than with AIU) that I have actually used rubrics to grade. That is mainly because the instructor who created the online classes I teach at my regular job designed it to be used with rubrics. So, I readily admit that rubrics make grading so much easier, especially when you already have them right there in front of you. However, a disadvantage to rubrics is that students do not get the specific feedback they need (i.e. this particular sentence is a run-on instead of a rubric saying that there are multiple run-on sentences in the essay).

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